翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Union of the Populations of Bandiagara ・ Union of the Russian People ・ Union of the Salamancan People ・ Union of the Snake ・ Union of the Socialist Left ・ Union of the Sun and Moon ・ Union of the Theatres of Europe ・ Union of the Ukrainians of Romania ・ Union of the Venetian People ・ Union of the Workers of Slovakia ・ Union of Liberals and Leftists ・ Union of Liberation ・ Union of Liberian Democrats ・ Union of Lithuanian Freedom Fighters ・ Union of Local Authorities of the Philippines ・ Union of Lublin ・ Union of Lublin (painting) ・ Union of Lublin Mound ・ Union of Manual and Intellectual Workers ・ Union of Marxist–Leninist Communists of Belgium ・ Union of Mauritanian Workers ・ Union of Messianic Jewish Congregations ・ Union of Methodist and Waldensian Churches ・ Union of Mielnik ・ Union of Mobutuist Democrats ・ Union of Moderate Parties ・ Union of Moldavians in Transnistria ・ Union of Morrisania ・ Union of Moscow Architects ・ Union of Muslim Ulama Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Union of Lublin ： ウィキペディア英語版 Union of Lublin The Union of Lublin ((ポーランド語:unia lubelska); (リトアニア語:Liublino unija)) was signed July 1, 1569, in Lublin, Poland, and created a single state, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It replaced the personal union of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania with a real union and an elective monarchy, since Sigismund II Augustus, the last of the Jagiellons, remained childless after three marriages. In addition, the autonomy of Royal Prussia was largely abandoned. The Duchy of Livonia, tied to Lithuania in real union since the Union of Grodno (1566), became a Polish–Lithuanian condominium. The Commonwealth was ruled by a single elected monarch who carried out the duties of King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, and governed with a common Senate and parliament (the ''Sejm''). The Union was an evolutionary stage in the Polish–Lithuanian alliance and personal union, necessitated also by Lithuania's dangerous position in wars with Russia.〔Dvornik, Francis, ''The Slavs in European History and Civilization'', Rutgers University Press, ISBN 0-8135-0799-5, (Google Print, p.254 )〕〔Norman Davies, ''God's Playground: A History of Poland in Two Volumes'', Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-925339-0, (Google Print, p.50 )〕〔W. H. Zawadzki, ''A Man of Honour: Adam Czartoryski as a Statesman of Russia and Poland, 1795-1831'', Oxford University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-19-820303-9, (Google Print, p.1 )〕 Constituting a crucial event in the history of several nations, the Union of Lublin has been viewed quite differently by many historians. Sometimes identified as the moment at which the Szlachta (including Lithuanians/Ruthenians) rose to the height of their power, establishing a democracy of noblemen as opposed to absolute monarchy. Some historians concentrate on its positive aspects, emphasizing its peaceful, voluntary creation, inclusive character and its role in spreading of economical welfare and good laws; other see there a possible cause of social and political instability that led to the Partitions of Poland about 200 years later. Some Lithuanian historians are more critical of the Union, pointing out that it was an effect of domination by Polish nobles. ==History== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Union of Lublin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.